%0 Journal Article
%@ 1929-073X
%I JMIR Publications Inc.
%V 5
%N 1
%P e3
%T Accuracy, Validity, and Reliability of an Electronic Visual Analog Scale for Pain on a Touch Screen Tablet in Healthy Older Adults: A Clinical Trial
%A Bird,Marie-Louise
%A Callisaya,Michele L
%A Cannell,John
%A Gibbons,Timothy
%A Smith,Stuart T
%A Ahuja,Kiran DK
%+ School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Locked Bag 1322, Launceston, , Australia, 61 363245478, Kiran.Ahuja@utas.edu.au
%K pain
%K VAS
%K technology
%K scale
%D 2016
%7 14.01.2016
%9 Original Paper
%J Interact J Med Res
%G English
%X Background: New technology for clinical data collection is rapidly evolving and may be useful for both researchers and clinicians; however, this new technology has not been tested for accuracy, reliability, or validity. Objective: This study aims to test the accuracy of visual analog scale (VAS) for pain on a newly designed application on the iPad (iPadVAS) and measure the reliability and validity of iPadVAS compared to a paper copy (paperVAS). Methods: Accuracy was determined by physically measuring an iPad scale on screen and comparing it to the results from the program, with a researcher collecting 101 data points. A total of 22 healthy community dwelling older adults were then recruited to test reliability and validity. Each participant completed 8 VAS (4 using each tool) in a randomized order. Reliability was measured using interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and validity measured using Bland-Altman graphs and correlations. Results: Of the measurements for accuracy, 64 results were identical, 2 results were manually measured as being 1 mm higher than the program, and 35 as 1 mm lower. Reliability for the iPadVAS was excellent with individual ICC 0.90 (95% CI 0.82-0.95) and averaged ICC 0.97 (95% CI 0.95-1.0) observed. Linear regression demonstrated a strong relationship with a small negative bias towards the iPad (−2.6, SD 5.0) with limits of agreement from −12.4 to 7.1. Conclusions: The iPadVAS provides a convenient, user-friendly, and efficient way of collecting data from participants in measuring their current pain levels. It has potential use in documentation management and may encourage participatory healthcare. Trial Registration: Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): 367297; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=367297&isReview=true (Archived by Webcite at http://www.webcitation.org/6d9xYoUbD). 
%M 26769149
%R 10.2196/ijmr.4910
%U http://www.i-jmr.org/2016/1/e3/
%U https://doi.org/10.2196/ijmr.4910
%U http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26769149