TY - JOUR AU - Karystianis, George AU - Lukmanjaya, Wilson AU - Simpson, Paul AU - Schofield, Peter AU - Ginnivan, Natasha AU - Nenadic, Goran AU - van Leeuwen, Marina AU - Buchan, Iain AU - Butler, Tony PY - 2022 DA - 2022/12/5 TI - An Analysis of PubMed Abstracts From 1946 to 2021 to Identify Organizational Affiliations in Epidemiological Criminology: Descriptive Study JO - Interact J Med Res SP - e42891 VL - 11 IS - 2 KW - epidemiological criminology KW - PubMed KW - offenders KW - justice health KW - affiliations KW - health database KW - research output KW - criminology KW - publication KW - open research KW - research promotion KW - epidemiology research KW - research database AB - Background: Epidemiological criminology refers to health issues affecting incarcerated and nonincarcerated offender populations, a group recognized as being challenging to conduct research with. Notwithstanding this, an urgent need exists for new knowledge and interventions to improve health, justice, and social outcomes for this marginalized population. Objective: To better understand research outputs in the field of epidemiological criminology, we examined the lead author’s affiliation by analyzing peer-reviewed published outputs to determine countries and organizations (eg, universities, governmental and nongovernmental organizations) responsible for peer-reviewed publications. Methods: We used a semiautomated approach to examine the first-author affiliations of 23,904 PubMed epidemiological studies related to incarcerated and offender populations published in English between 1946 and 2021. We also mapped research outputs to the World Justice Project Rule of Law Index to better understand whether there was a relationship between research outputs and the overall standard of a country’s justice system. Results: Nordic countries (Sweden, Norway, Finland, and Denmark) had the highest research outputs proportional to their incarcerated population, followed by Australia. University-affiliated first authors comprised 73.3% of published articles, with the Karolinska Institute (Sweden) being the most published, followed by the University of New South Wales (Australia). Government-affiliated first authors were on 8.9% of published outputs, and prison-affiliated groups were on 1%. Countries with the lowest research outputs also had the lowest scores on the Rule of Law Index. Conclusions: This study provides important information on who is publishing research in the epidemiological criminology field. This has implications for promoting research diversity, independence, funding equity, and partnerships between universities and government departments that control access to incarcerated and offending populations. SN - 1929-073X UR - https://www.i-jmr.org/2022/2/e42891 UR - https://doi.org/10.2196/42891 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36469411 DO - 10.2196/42891 ID - info:doi/10.2196/42891 ER -