%0 Journal Article %@ 1929-073X %I JMIR Publications %V 8 %N 1 %P e10336 %T A Platform to Record Patient Events During Physiological Monitoring With Wearable Sensors: Proof-of-Concept Study %A Vo,Jonathan Duc Vinh %A Gorbach,Alexander M %+ Infrared Imaging and Thermometry Unit, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20814, United States, 1 3173850919, jonathan.vo@nih.gov %K data collection %K mobile phone %K mobile-based platform %K patient journal %K sensors %D 2019 %7 03.01.2019 %9 Original Paper %J Interact J Med Res %G English %X Background: Patient journals have been used as valuable resources in clinical studies. However, the full potential value of such journals can be undermined by inefficiencies and ambiguities associated with handwritten patient reports. The increasing number of mobile phones and mobile-based health care approaches presents an opportunity to improve communications from patients to clinicians and clinical researchers through the use of digital patient journals. Objective: The objective of this project was to develop a smartphone-based platform that would enable patients to record events and symptoms on the same timeline as clinical data collected by wearable sensors. Methods: This platform consists of two major components: a smartphone for patients to record their journals and wireless sensors for clinical data collection. The clinical data and patient records are then exported to a clinical researcher interface, and the data and journal are processed and combined into a single time-series graph for analysis. This paper gives a block diagram of the platform’s principal components and compares its features to those of other methods but does not explicitly discuss the process of design or development of the system. Results: As a proof of concept, body temperature data were obtained in a 4-hour span from a 22-year-old male, during which the subject simultaneously recorded relevant activities and events using the iPhone platform. After export to a clinical researcher’s desktop, the digital records and temperature data were processed and fused into a single time-series graph. The events were filtered based on specific keywords to facilitate data analysis. Conclusions: We have developed a user-friendly patient journal platform, based on widely available smartphone technology, that gives clinicians and researchers a simple method to track and analyze patient activities and record the activities on a shared timeline with clinical data from wearable devices. %M 30609977 %R 10.2196/10336 %U https://www.i-jmr.org/2019/1/e10336/ %U https://doi.org/10.2196/10336 %U http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30609977 %0 Journal Article %@ 1929-073X %I JMIR Publications %V 8 %N 1 %P e11146 %T Internet Usage by Polish Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Multicenter Questionnaire Study %A Potemkowski,Andrzej %A Brola,Waldemar %A Ratajczak,Anna %A Ratajczak,Marcin %A Zaborski,Jacek %A Jasińska,Elżbieta %A Pokryszko-Dragan,Anna %A Gruszka,Ewa %A Dubik-Jezierzańska,Marta %A Podlecka-Piętowska,Aleksandra %A Nojszewska,Monika %A Gospodarczyk-Szot,Krystyna %A Stępień,Adam %A Gocyła-Dudar,Katarzyna %A Maciągowska-Terela,Marzena %A Wencel,Jacek %A Kaźmierski,Radosław %A Kułakowska,Alina %A Kapica-Topczewska,Katarzyna %A Pawełczak,Witold %A Bartosik-Psujek,Halina %+ Institute of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, IX Wieków Kielc 19, Kielce, 25-317, Poland, 48 413902259, wbrola@wp.pl %K multiple sclerosis %K internet %K information seeking %K doctor-patient relationship %D 2019 %7 01.02.2019 %9 Original Paper %J Interact J Med Res %G English %X Background: The internet is a source of knowledge and medium widely used in services that facilitate access to information and networking. Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients find the possibility of acquiring information relating to their condition particularly rewarding. Objective: We aimed to identify Polish MS patients’ preferences by analyzing a percentage of internet users and determining the most common search subjects and patients’ approach to information on the internet. Disability connected with the condition, its duration, and other factors that influence patients’ internet use were examined along with instances of relations established through the internet and their durability. Methods: The study examined 1045 patients (731 women, 314 men) treated in 10 Polish MS centers, of whom 932 (89.19%) declared to be internet users. Their average age was 40.65 (SD 11.06) and average MS duration was 9.08 (SD 6.97) years. The study used a proprietary survey on information seeking, the range of searched subjects, and internet usage frequency. Results: The majority of the patients (494/932, 53.0%) used the internet 6-7 times per week and 4.3% (40/932) declared they spent minimum 2 hours per day. The most commonly searched subjects were world news (604/932, 72.9% of patients using the internet); 60.8% (504/932) searched for information on their condition, particularly for new treatment methods (562/932, 67.8%) and the course of illness (520/932, 62.7%). One’s sex had no impact on internet usage (female vs male, odds ratio [OR] 1.13, 95% CI 0.72-1.77), although a patient’s age might, at varying degrees. We found several significant associations using a .05 significance level: a patient with higher education used the internet 9 times more often than one with primary education (OR 8.64, 95% CI 3.31-22.57); lasting relationships increased chances of internet usage by 10-fold compared to widowers (OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.05-0.31); living in a city with a population over 100,000 increased chances by nearly 6 times compared with the countryside (OR 5.59, 95% CI 2.72-11.48); the relapsing-remitting MS type saw a 2-fold increase compared with the primary progressive MS type (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.29-0.75); and those needing assistance were 2 times less likely to use the internet than patients who could move independently (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.31-0.89). More than half of the patients (489/932, 52.5%) did not discuss the information found on the internet with their neurologists; 15.9% (148/932) believed that relationships established through the internet can be stable. Conclusions: The majority of Polish patients use the internet as a crucial information source on their condition and innovative treatment methods. The internet can be helpful in establishing new relationships, which are usually short-lived. Polish patients do not frequently discuss the information gathered on the internet with their doctors. %M 30707107 %R 10.2196/11146 %U https://www.i-jmr.org/2019/1/e11146/ %U https://doi.org/10.2196/11146 %U http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30707107 %0 Journal Article %@ 1929-073X %I JMIR Publications %V 8 %N 1 %P e10146 %T Health Topics on Facebook Groups: Content Analysis of Posts in Multiple Sclerosis Communities %A Della Rosa,Sara %A Sen,Falguni %+ Global Healthcare Innovation Management Center, Department of Management Systems, Fordham University, 45 Columbus Avenue, New York City, NY,, United States, 1 347 277 9131, sdellarosa@fordham.edu %K social network %K health information %K health care internet %K content analysis %K Facebook %D 2019 %7 11.02.2019 %9 Original Paper %J Interact J Med Res %G English %X Background: Social network sites (SNSs) are being increasingly used to exchange health information between patients and practitioners, pharmaceutical companies, and research centers. Research contributions have explored the contents of such exchanges discussed online. They have categorized the topics discussed and explored the engagement levels of these discussions. Objective: This research aimed at investigating the potential role of SNSs in health care. Specifically it provides an information-clustering analysis of the health information available on SNSs and develops a research design that allows an investigation of this information in enhancing health care research and delivery. In addition, this research aims at testing whether SNSs are valid tools for sharing drug-related information by patients. Methods: This research is based on a specific chronic disease: multiple sclerosis. We searched Facebook to identify and research the social media groups related to this condition. The analysis was restricted to public groups for privacy concerns. We created a database by downloading posts from two main groups (in the English language). Subsequently, we performed a content analysis and statistical analysis; this allowed us to explore the differences between categories, their engagement levels, and the types of posts shared. The mean level of engagement for each topic was analyzed using a 1-way analysis of variance. Results: From a sample of 7029 posts, initial results showed that there were 8 information categories that resonated (percentage of times the topic appears in our sample) with those who post on Facebook: information and awareness (4923/7029, 70.04%), event advertising and petitions (365/7029, 5.19%), fundraising (354/7029, 5.04%), patient support (217/7029, 3.09%), drug discussion (144/7029, 2.05%), clinical trials and research studies (59/7029, 0.84%), product and drug advertising (48/7029, 0.68%), and other (919/7029, 13.07%). Initial analysis showed that comments and likes (as measures of engagement level) are the most frequent indicators and measures of level of engagement. Our results show a high engagement level (in terms of views, likes, comments, etc) for patient support and information and awareness. In addition, although drug discussion had a low resonance, it had an unexpected highly engagement level which we found worthy of further exploration. Conclusions: SNSs have become important tools for patients and health care practitioners to share or seek information. We identified the type of information shared and how the public reacted to it. Our research confirmed that the topics discussed in social media related to specific diseases such as multiple sclerosis are similar to the information categories observed by other researchers. We unexpectedly found other categories such as drug discussion. These and other results of our study enhance our understanding of how content is disseminated and perceived within a specific disease-based community. We concluded that this information has useful implications in the design of prevention campaigns, educational programs, and chronic disease management. %M 30741640 %R 10.2196/10146 %U http://www.i-jmr.org/2019/1/e10146/ %U https://doi.org/10.2196/10146 %U http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30741640 %0 Journal Article %@ 1929-073X %I JMIR Publications %V 8 %N 1 %P e12769 %T Awareness and Level of Knowledge About Surgical Site Infections and Risks of Wound Infection Among Medical Physicians in King Abdulaziz University Hospital: Cross-Sectional Study %A Albishi,Wahbi %A Albeshri,Marwan Ahmad %A Mortada,Hatan Hisham %A Alzahrani,Khaled %A Alharbi,Rakan %A Aljuhani,Farrah %A Aldaqal,Saleh %+ College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Abdullah Alsulaiman Road, Jeddah,, Saudi Arabia, 966 582903138, albeshrimarwan@gmail.com %K surgical site infections %K knowledge %K attitude %K infection %D 2019 %7 06.03.2019 %9 Original Paper %J Interact J Med Res %G English %X Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are one of the leading causes of death, and its prevention is a key element of applying the concept of patient safety and quality care. Objective: This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge about SSIs and risks of wound infection among medical physicians in King Abdulaziz University Hospital. Methods: All surgical and medical consultants, specialists, residents, and medical interns were invited to participate in the study. A 20-Item multiple-choice questionnaire was developed by reviewing the previous literature and with the help of a group of certified surgeons to assess the level of knowledge in all participants. Results: A total of 119 doctors were included in this study. Among all respondents, 92 (77.3%) were intern doctors, 16 (13.4%) were resident doctors, and 11 (9.2%) were specialist doctors. Moreover, 66 (55.5%) doctors knew the definition of SSI. Only one-quarter, that is, 30 (25.2%) doctors knew about the incidence of SSI. In addition, 8 doctors (6.7%) had good knowledge, 75 (63.0%) had fair knowledge, and 36 (30.2%) had poor knowledge regarding SSI according to this study. Conclusions: Level of knowledge about SSIs and risks of wound infections among medical physicians should be improved to ensure better wound care and quality care for the patients. %M 30839280 %R 10.2196/12769 %U http://www.i-jmr.org/2019/1/e12769/ %U https://doi.org/10.2196/12769 %U http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30839280 %0 Journal Article %@ 1929-073X %I JMIR Publications %V 8 %N 1 %P e10050 %T Diet and Multiple Sclerosis: Scoping Review of Web-Based Recommendations %A Beckett,Jeffrey M %A Bird,Marie-Louise %A Pittaway,Jane K %A Ahuja,Kiran DK %+ School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Locked Bag 1322, Launceston, 7250, Australia, 61 3 6324 5478, Kiran.Ahuja@utas.edu.au %K multiple sclerosis %K diet %K evidence-based medicine %K internet %D 2019 %7 09.01.2019 %9 Review %J Interact J Med Res %G English %X Background: There is currently no scientific evidence supporting the use of specific diets in the management of multiple sclerosis (MS); the strongest dietary associations are observed with vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation. Despite this, there are many websites that provide advice or suggestions about using various dietary approaches to control symptoms or disease progression. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the dietary advice for the symptomatic management of MS available on the internet. Methods: This study was a systematic review of webpages that provided dietary advice for the management of MS. Webpages were selected from an internet search conducted in November 2016 using Google, Yahoo, and Bing search engines and the search term “MS diet.” The first two pages of results from each search engine were included for the initial assessment. Duplicates were removed. Data extracted from websites included specific advice relating to diet and its rationale and the citation of supporting scientific literature. Authorship and credential information were reviewed to assess webpage quality. Results: We included 32 webpages in the final assessment. The webpages made a wide variety of specific recommendations regarding dietary patterns and individual foods to help manage MS. The most common dietary pattern advised on these webpages was the low-fat, high-fiber balanced diet, followed by the low-saturated fat diet, near-vegetarian Swank diet, and the Paleo diet. The main categories of individual foods or nutrients suggested for addition to the diet were: supplements (especially omega-3 and vitamin D), fruits, vegetables, and lean protein. In contrast, the most commonly recommended for removal were saturated fats, dairy, gluten-containing grains, and refined sugar. These recommendations were often accompanied by rationale relating to how the particular food or nutrient may affect the development, prevalence and symptoms of MS; however, very little of this information is supported by the current scientific evidence between diet and MS. Only 9 webpages provided full authorship including credential information. Conclusions: There is a wide variety of Web-based dietary advice, which in some cases is contradictory. In most cases, this advice is the result of peoples’ individual experiences and has not been scientifically tested. How people living with MS use this information is not known. These findings highlight the important role health professionals can play in assisting people living with MS in their health information-seeking behaviors. %M 30626570 %R 10.2196/10050 %U https://www.i-jmr.org/2019/1/e10050/ %U https://doi.org/10.2196/10050 %U http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30626570 %0 Journal Article %@ 1929-073X %I JMIR Publications %V 8 %N 1 %P e11938 %T Evaluating Information Quality of Revised Patient Education Information on Colonoscopy: It Is New But Is It Improved? %A Bernstein,Matthew Tyler %A Kong,James %A Sriranjan,Vaelan %A Reisdorf,Sofia %A Restall,Gayle %A Walker,John Roger %A Singh,Harminder %+ Department of Clinical Health Psychology, University of Manitoba, M4-Street Boniface Hospital, 409 Tache Ave, Winnipeg, MB, R2H2A6, Canada, 1 2042936286, umbernsm@myumanitoba.ca %K colonoscopy %K evaluation methodology %K information science %K information dissemination %K information literacy %D 2019 %7 20.02.2019 %9 Original Paper %J Interact J Med Res %G English %X Background: Previous research indicates that patients and their families have many questions about colonoscopy that are not fully answered by existing resources. We developed revised forms on colonoscopy bowel preparation and on the procedure itself. Objective: As the goal of the revised materials is to have improved information relative to currently available information, we were interested in how revised information compared with what is currently available in terms of information quality and patient preference. Methods: Participants were asked to review one at a time the Revised and Current versions of Colonoscopy bowel preparation instructions (study 1) and About Colonoscopy (study 2). The order of administration of the Revised and Current versions was randomly counterbalanced to assess order effects. Respondents rated each form along the following dimensions: amount, clarity, trustworthiness, readability and understandability, how new or familiar the information was, and reassurance. Participants were asked which form they preferred and 4 questions about why they preferred it. Open-ended questions asked participants to describe likes and dislikes of the forms and suggestions for improvement. Results: The study 1 and study 2 samples were similar. Overall, in study 1, 62.4% preferred the Revised form, 28.1% preferred the Current form, and 6.7% were not sure. Overall, in study 2, 50.5% preferred the Revised form, 31.1% preferred the Current form, and 18.4% were not sure. Almost 75% of those in study 1 who received the Revised form first, preferred it, compared with less than half of those who received it first in study 2. In study 1, 75% of those without previous colonoscopy experience preferred the Revised form, compared with more than half of those who had previously undergone a colonoscopy. The study 1 logistic regression analysis demonstrated that participants were more likely to prefer the Revised form if they had viewed it first and had no previous experience with colonoscopy. In study 2, none of the variables assessed were associated with a preference for the Revised form. In comparing the 2 forms head-to-head, participants who preferred the Revised form in study 1 rated it as clearer compared with those who preferred the Current form. Finally, many participants who preferred the Revised form indicated in the open-ended questions that they liked it because it had more information than the Current form and that it had good visual information. Conclusions: This study is one of the first to evaluate 2 different patient education resources in a head-to-head comparison using the same participants in a within-subjects design. This approach was useful in comparing revised educational information with current resources. Moving forward, this knowledge translation approach of a head-to-head comparison of 2 different information sources could be taken to develop and refine information sources on other health issues. %M 30785412 %R 10.2196/11938 %U http://www.i-jmr.org/2019/1/e11938/ %U https://doi.org/10.2196/11938 %U http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30785412 %0 Journal Article %@ 1929-073X %I JMIR Publications %V 8 %N 1 %P e11750 %T Impact of Emotional Support, Informational Support, and Norms of Reciprocity on Trust Toward the Medical Aesthetic Community: The Moderating Effect of Core Self-Evaluations %A Wu,Jyh-Jeng %A Khan,Haider A %A Chien,Shu-Hua %A Lee,Yu-Peng %+ Department of Business Management, National United University, 1, Lien-Da, Kung-Ching Li, Miaoli, 36003, Taiwan, 886 373618, jjwu@nuu.edu.tw %K informational support %K emotional support %K norms of reciprocity %K trust transfer theory %K core self-evaluation %D 2019 %7 21.03.2019 %9 Original Paper %J Interact J Med Res %G English %X Background: The consumption of medical aesthetic services has become popular in recent years. Many people have purchased medical aesthetic services and treatments in pursuit of self-beauty. When members of online medical aesthetic communities actively participate in discussions and encourage and support one another, there is an increase in community commitment, trust toward each other, and trust toward the community, ultimately promoting social sharing in an environment of positive feedback. Objective: This study aimed to explore via the theory of social support—grounded in a deeper social capabilities framework developed by Khan following the Nobel laureate Amartya Sen’s groundbreaking work—whether emotional support, informational support, and norms of reciprocity in online communities impact group members in terms of creating trust toward other members. This enhances trust toward the community and generates a sense of community commitment, ultimately impacting social buying intention and social sharing intention. Methods: This study used IBM SPSS and AMOS to analyze data. Data were collected through online questionnaires in online medical aesthetic community forums, thereby producing samples that were both representative and accurate. To understand whether core self-evaluation (CSE) is a moderator in the relationship between social sharing intention and social buying intention, this study averaged the point of CSEs in the sample after statistical analysis, dividing the sample into 2 groups. Results: The results showed that emotional support and norms of reciprocity positively impact trust toward members, and trust toward members positively impact trust toward the community. This generates trust transfer, which positively impacts social buying intention and social sharing intention. At the same time, CSE is a moderator variable between trust toward the community and social buying intention, but CSE is not a moderator variable between trust toward the community and social sharing intention. Conclusions: This study revealed that when members of online medical aesthetic communities actively participate in discussions and encourage and support one another, community commitment, trust toward each other, and trust toward the community increases, ultimately promoting social sharing and buying intentions. %M 30896434 %R 10.2196/11750 %U http://www.i-jmr.org/2019/1/e11750/ %U https://doi.org/10.2196/11750 %U http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30896434