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Toward Real-Time Discharge Volume Predictions in Multisite Health Care Systems: Longitudinal Observational Study

Toward Real-Time Discharge Volume Predictions in Multisite Health Care Systems: Longitudinal Observational Study

To develop and evaluate prediction models capable of predicting the number of short-term discharges (ie, in the next 1 to 4 hours) in near real time, we must first decide the granularity level we want to predict. The literature has considered 2 main types of models: patient-level models [7-11] and hospital-level models [12,13]. Hospital-level models typically use a time series approach to directly predict the number of discharges in an entire hospital or a hospital unit such as the ED [12,13].

Fernando Acosta-Perez, Justin Boutilier, Gabriel Zayas-Caban, Sabrina Adelaine, Frank Liao, Brian Patterson

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e63765

Predictive Modeling of Hypertension-Related Postpartum Readmission: Retrospective Cohort Analysis

Predictive Modeling of Hypertension-Related Postpartum Readmission: Retrospective Cohort Analysis

We used a cost-sensitive random forest method to predict which patient would experience a hypertension-related postpartum readmission [14]. Since the data set was imbalanced (only 170 readmissions out of 32,645 participants), the use of class weights that penalize false negatives significantly higher than false positives was necessary to avoid ML models that predict every sample as the negative class.

Jinxin Tao, Ramsey G Larson, Yonatan Mintz, Oguzhan Alagoz, Kara K Hoppe

JMIR AI 2024;3:e48588

Automated Identification of Postoperative Infections to Allow Prediction and Surveillance Based on Electronic Health Record Data: Scoping Review

Automated Identification of Postoperative Infections to Allow Prediction and Surveillance Based on Electronic Health Record Data: Scoping Review

First, prediction modeling validation studies using machine learning methods, statistical models, and biomarkers to predict postoperative infections were identified. Second, a separate search was performed to identify studies on automated surveillance for postoperative and other hospital-acquired infections (Figure 1). Surveillance studies focusing on surgical populations often only investigate SSIs.

Siri Lise van der Meijden, Anna M van Boekel, Harry van Goor, Rob GHH Nelissen, Jan W Schoones, Ewout W Steyerberg, Bart F Geerts, Mark GJ de Boer, M Sesmu Arbous

JMIR Med Inform 2024;12:e57195

Remote Patient Monitoring and Machine Learning in Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Dual Systematic Literature Review and Narrative Synthesis

Remote Patient Monitoring and Machine Learning in Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Dual Systematic Literature Review and Narrative Synthesis

The second review investigates studies integrating machine learning with RPM to predict AECOPD. This comprehensive approach enables us to provide a novel understanding of digitally enabled AECOPD interventions. We review the evidence and concepts behind RPM and machine learning; discuss the strengths, limitations, and clinical applications of available systems; and generate recommendations to enhance patient and health care system outcomes.

Henry Mark Granger Glyde, Caitlin Morgan, Tom M A Wilkinson, Ian T Nabney, James W Dodd

J Med Internet Res 2024;26:e52143

Using Social Vulnerability Indices to Predict Priority Areas for Prevention of Sudden Unexpected Infant Death in Cook County, IL: Cross-Sectional Study

Using Social Vulnerability Indices to Predict Priority Areas for Prevention of Sudden Unexpected Infant Death in Cook County, IL: Cross-Sectional Study

In this study of Cook County, IL, we sought to enable a neighborhood-focused prevention approach by creating a semiautomated method to precisely describe where SUID occurred in the recent past (2015‐2019) and to predict where SUID would occur in the near future (2021‐2025) while pointing to social vulnerability indicators as explanatory variables.

Daniel P Riggins, Huiyuan Zhang, William E Trick

JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024;10:e48825

Predicting Long COVID in the National COVID Cohort Collaborative Using Super Learner: Cohort Study

Predicting Long COVID in the National COVID Cohort Collaborative Using Super Learner: Cohort Study

Given this heterogeneity, multisite evaluations including large sample sizes and high-dimensional covariate information can provide opportunities to build models that can accurately predict PASC risk. Due to the broad range of factors associated with PASC, the high dimensionality of the large EHR databases, and the unknown determinants of PASC, modeling methods for predicting PASC must be highly flexible.

Zachary Butzin-Dozier, Yunwen Ji, Haodong Li, Jeremy Coyle, Junming Shi, Rachael V Phillips, Andrew N Mertens, Romain Pirracchio, Mark J van der Laan, Rena C Patel, John M Colford, Alan E Hubbard, The National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) Consortium

JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024;10:e53322

Social Vulnerability and Compliance With World Health Organization Advice on Protective Behaviors Against COVID-19 in African and Asia Pacific Countries: Factor Analysis to Develop a Social Vulnerability Index

Social Vulnerability and Compliance With World Health Organization Advice on Protective Behaviors Against COVID-19 in African and Asia Pacific Countries: Factor Analysis to Develop a Social Vulnerability Index

Understanding the patterns of and changes in social vulnerability that predict an individual’s capability to comply with the WHO advice in these countries will provide beneficial information to guide COVID-19 prevention, especially among vulnerable populations.

Suladda Pongutta, Viroj Tangcharoensathien, Kathy Leung, Heidi J Larson, Leesa Lin

JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024;10:e54383

Development of Automated Triggers in Ambulatory Settings in Brazil: Protocol for a Machine Learning–Based Design Thinking Study

Development of Automated Triggers in Ambulatory Settings in Brazil: Protocol for a Machine Learning–Based Design Thinking Study

The study’s outcomes were considered promising, as the developed model demonstrated the ability to predict severe AEs induced by antineoplastic drugs in patients with cancer. The researchers concluded that the use of automated triggers and ML is a promising approach to identifying risk factors for severe events, in contrast to the manual and retrospective method which aims to track events that have already occurred.

Claire Nierva Herrera, Fernanda Raphael Escobar Gimenes, João Paulo Herrera, Ricardo Cavalli

JMIR Res Protoc 2024;13:e55466

A Machine Learning Model for Risk Stratification of Postdiagnosis Diabetic Ketoacidosis Hospitalization in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes: Retrospective Study

A Machine Learning Model for Risk Stratification of Postdiagnosis Diabetic Ketoacidosis Hospitalization in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes: Retrospective Study

We develop an explainable, machine-learning model to predict pediatric patients with T1 D who are at risk of DKA hospitalization postdiagnosis using a time-series of routinely collected, EHR data. We evaluate the predictive performance of our gradient-boosted decision tree model (XGBoost) on one of the largest cohorts of pediatric patients with T1 D.

Devika Subramanian, Rona Sonabend, Ila Singh

JMIR Diabetes 2024;9:e53338

Predictive Data Analytics in Telecare and Telehealth: Systematic Scoping Review

Predictive Data Analytics in Telecare and Telehealth: Systematic Scoping Review

Using larger and more diverse “real world” data will enable models to be built that have less bias, can predict more accurately, and could be adapted more widely within other telecare or telehealth settings. Ultimately, appropriate consideration of these factors could lead us to more predictive and preventative data driven models of telecare and telehealth.

Euan Anderson, Marilyn Lennon, Kimberley Kavanagh, Natalie Weir, David Kernaghan, Marc Roper, Emma Dunlop, Linda Lapp

Online J Public Health Inform 2024;16:e57618