Normal Workflow and Key Strategies for Data Cleaning Toward Real-World Data: Viewpoint

Manping Guo   ^{1, 2, 3} , PhD ;   Yiming Wang   ³ , MD ;   Qiaoning Yang   ³ , PhD ;   Rui Li   ⁴ , PhD ;   Yang Zhao   ³ , MD ;   Chenfei Li   ³ , MD ;   Mingbo Zhu   ⁵ , BSc ;   Yao Cui   ⁵ , BSc ;   Xin Jiang   ⁵ , BSc ;   Song Sheng   ³ , PhD ;   Qingna Li   ^{3 *} , MD ;   Rui Gao   ^{3 *} , PhD

¹ Postdoctoral Research Station, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China

² Postdoctoral Works Station, Yabao Pharmaceutical Group Co, Ltd, Yuncheng, China

³ Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China

⁴ First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhenzhou, China

⁵ Beijing Xinshi Yuanzhi Technology Consulting Co, Ltd, Beijing, China

*these authors contributed equally